The TCP provides reliable transmission of data in an IP environment. TCP corresponds to the transport layer of the OSI reference model. TCP provides services like full-duplex operation, stream data transfer, reliability, efficient flow control and Network adaptation.
TCP operates in full-duplex by sending and receiving data at the same time. In stream data transfer TCP groups bytes into segments and passes them to IP for delivery. TCP offers reliability by providing connection-oriented, end-to-end reliable packet delivery through an internetwork. It does this by sequencing bytes with a forwarding acknowledgment number that indicates to the destination the netxt byte the source expects to receive. Bytes not acknowledged within a specified time period are retransmitted.
Transmission Control Protocol efficiently controls the flow, while acknowledging the source, the receiving TCP process indicates the highest sequence number it can receive without overflowing its internal buffers. TCP can adapt to network by dynamically studying the delay characteristics of a network and adjust its operation to maximize throughput without overloading the network.
TCP provides an inter process delivery system, so its needs to identify processes in the two "end systems" which it connects. Two processes can communicate by agreeing on the port numbers an abstract, that can be used for communication. Each segment contains port numbers for sending and receiving processes.
In order to set up a TCP connection, a process called server notifies the TCP software that it is waiting for connections "at" a certain port number. A process called client which is waiting for a request to be processed by the server requests the local TCP software to allocate an unused port number to connect the server and establish the connection. Once the connection is established, the two processes can communicate.
Thank you it really helps a lot
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